Multiple sclerosis (MS): systemic features
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Multiple sclerosis (MS): systemic features. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Respiratory dysfunction
- Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)
- Respiratory impairment: this is frequent in wheelchair-bound patients
- Neurogenic pulmonary oedema (NPE): this includes flash pulmonary oedema
Cardiac dysfunction
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Episodic hypothermia
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Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
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Hormonal disorders
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Gastrointestinal disorders
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Possible cancer risk
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Other reported systemic MS associations
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References
- Li Y, Munger KL, Batool-Anwar S, de Vito K, Ascherio A, Gao X. Association of multiple sclerosis with restless legs syndrome and other sleep disorders in women. Neurology 2012; 78:1500-1506.
- Levy J, Bensmail D, Brotier-Chomienne A, Butel S, Joussain C, Hugeron C, Prigent H. Respiratory impairment in multiple sclerosis: a study of respiratory function in wheelchair-bound patients. Eur J Neurol 2017; 24:497-502.
- Valencia-Sanchez C, Goodman BP, Carter JL, Wingerchuk DM. The spectrum of acute cardiopulmonary events associated with multiple sclerosis exacerbations. Mult Scler 2019; 25:758-765.
- Plummer C, Campagnaro R. Flash pulmonary edema in multiple sclerosis. J Emerg Med 2013; 44:e169-e172.
- Androdias G, Bernard E, Biotti D, et al. Multiple sclerosis broke my heart. Ann Neurol 2017; 81:754-758.
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Related checklists
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): classification
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): revised McDonald diagnostic criteria
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): non-modifiable risk factors
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): modifiable risk factors
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): protective factors
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): typical neurological features
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): other neurological features
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): paroxysmal attacks
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): seizures
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): differential diagnosis
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): clinical red flags against diagnosis
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): laboratory red flags against diagnosis
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): poor prognostic factors
- Multiple sclerosis (MS): smouldering associated worsening
