Alzheimer's Disease (AD) v frontotemporal dementia (FTD)

Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) v frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Younger onset age, Higher levels of educational attainment. Fully referenced neurology checklist.

Clinical features more suggestive of FTD

  • Younger onset age
  • Higher levels of educational attainment
  • Better mini mental state examination (MMSE) scores
  • Better memory in the early stages
  • Worse executive and language functions
  • Worse verbal scores
  • A higher frequency of criminal behaviour

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain

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Positron emission tomography (PET) scan

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References

  1. Hutchinson AD, Mathias JL. Neuropsychological deficits in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analytic review. JNNP 2007; 78:917-928.
  2. Haußmann R, Krug C, Noppes F, Brandt M, Lange J, Donix M. Criminal behavior in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Nervenarzt 2022; 93:59-67.
  3. Liljegren M, Naasan G, Temlett J, et al. Criminal behavior in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer disease. JAMA Neurol 2015; 72:295-300. 
  4. de Souza LC, Lamari F, Belliard S, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease from other cortical dementias. JNNP 2011; 82:240-246.
  5. de Jong D, Jansen RWMM, Pijnenburg YAL, et al. CSF neurofilament proteins in the differential diagnosis of dementia. JNNP 2007; 78:936-938.
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