Tonic pupils
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Tonic pupils. Holmes-Adie syndrome, Ross syndrome, Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome: cat’s eyes syndrome. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Ophthalmic causes
- Holmes-Adie syndrome
- Ross syndrome
- Iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome: cat’s eyes syndrome
- Argyll-Robertson pupil
- Oculomotor nerve palsy
- Congenital mydriasis
- Retinal laser treatment
Neurological causes
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Autoimmune causes
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Infectious causes
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Other causes
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Synonym
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References
- Xu SY, Song MM, Li L, Li CX. Adie's pupil: a diagnostic challenge for the physician. Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e934657.
- Drummond PD, Edis RH. Loss of facial sweating and flushing in Holmes-Adie syndrome. Neurology 1990; 40:847-849.
- Agarwala MK, George L, Parmar H, Mathew V. Ross syndrome: a case report and review of cases from India. Indian J Dermatol 2016; 61:348.
- Kalapesi FB, Krishnan AV, Kiernan MC. Segmental facial anhidrosis and tonic pupils with preserved deep tendon reflexes: a novel autonomic neuropathy. J Neuroophthalmol 2005; 25:5-8.
- Egan RA, Avruskin C. Unusual presentation of an Adie-like pupil: Cat's eye pupil. Neurology 2018; 91:715-716.
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