Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS): management
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS): management. Cervical rib, Abnormally long C7 transverse process. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Cervical X ray: features
- Cervical rib
- Abnormally long C7 transverse process
Electromyogram (EMG): features
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Conservative treatments
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Drug treatments
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Interventional treatments
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Synonym
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References
- Urschel JD, Hameed SM, Grewal RP. Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndromes. Postgrad Med J 1994; 70:785-789.
- Christo PJ, McGreevy K. Updated perspectives on neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2011; 15:14-21.
- Sanders RJ, Hammond SL, Rao NM. Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. J Vasc Surg 2007; 46:601-604.
- Tender GC, Thomas AJ, Thomas N, Kline DG. Gilliatt-Sumner hand revisited: a 25-year experience. Neurosurgery 2004; 55:883-890.
