Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD): diagnostic criteria

Core clinical characteristics

• Acute longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM)
• Optic neuritis (ON)
• Acute brainstem syndrome
• Symptomatic narcolepsy or diencephalic syndrome: with typical MRI brain lesions
• Systemic cerebral syndrome: with typical MRI brain lesions
• Area postrema syndrome (APS)

References

1. Wingerchuk DM, Banwell B, Bennett JL, et al; International Panel for NMO Diagnosis. International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Neurology 2015; 85:177-189. 
2. Dellavance A, Alvarenga RR, Rodrigues SH, Kok F, de Souza AW, Andrade LE. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibodies in the context of assorted immune-mediated diseases. Eur J Neurol 2012; 19:248-252.
3. Argyriou AA, Makris N. Neuromyelitis optica: a distinct demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Acta Neurol Scand 2008; 128:209-217.
4. Shosha E, Dubey D, Palace J, et al. Area postrema syndrome: frequency, criteria, and severity in AQP4-IgG-positive NMOSD. Neurology 2018; 91:e1642-e1651. 
5. You XF, Hu HT, Ye J. Characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder associated with the area postrema. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:668-672. 
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Related checklists

• Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): central neurological features
• Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): peripheral neurological features
• Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): systemic features
• Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): paraneoplastic
• Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): area postrema syndrome (APS)
• Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): clinical differentials
• Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD): prognostic factors