Hypnic headache (HH)
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Hypnic headache (HH). This is a headache that occurs exclusively in sleep. It occurs in non-REM sleep. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Description and pathology
- This is a headache that occurs exclusively in sleep
- It occurs in non-REM sleep
- It may be related to hypothalamic dysfunction
Epidemiology
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Diagnostic criteria
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Clinical features
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Secondary causes
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Differential diagnosis: other sleep-related headaches
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Main treatments
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Other treatments: anecdotal cases
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References
- Halker RB, Hastriter EV, Dodick DW. Chronic daily headache: an evidence-based and systematic approach to a challenging problem. Neurology 2011; 76:S37-S42.
- Holle D, Naegel S, Obermann M. Hypnic headache. Cephalalgia 2013; 33:1349-1357.
- Liang JF, Wang SJ. Hypnic headache: a review of clinical features, therapeutic options and outcomes. Cephalalgia 2014; 34:795-805.
- Xu SY, Li L, Sun WX, Shen JY, Li CX. Case report: Hypnic headache responds to agomelatine-a potential prophylactic treatment option. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1179391.
- Lindner D, Scheffler A, Nsaka M, Holle-Lee D. Hypnic Headache - what do we know in 2022? Cephalalgia 2023; 43:3331024221148659.
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