HaNDL
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
HaNDL. Human herpes virus 6 (HHV6), Human herpes virus 7 (HHV7), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), COVID-19. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Risk factors
- Human herpes virus 6 (HHV6)
- Human herpes virus 7 (HHV7)
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
- COVID-19
- Borrelia lusitaniae
- P/Q and T type voltage gated calcium channel antibodies
Clinical features
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Associated ophthalmic features
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Other associated features
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Differential diagnosis: infections
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Differential diagnosis: others
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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
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Electroencephalogram (EEG)
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain
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Treatment options: case reports
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Acronym
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References
- Emond H, Schnorf H, Poloni C, Vulliemoz S, Lalive PH. Syndrome of transient headache and neurological deficits with CSF lymphocytosis (HaNDL) associated with recent human herpesvirus-6 infection. Cephalalgia 2009; 29:487-491.
- Gomez-Aranda F, Canadillas F, Marti-Masso JF, et al. Pseudomigraine with temporary neurological symptoms and lymphocytic pleocytosis. A report of 50 cases. Brain 1997; 120:1105-1113.
- Segura T, Hernandez-Fernandez F, Sanchez-Ayaso P, Lozano E, Abad L. Usefulness of multimodal MR imaging in the differential diagnosis of HaNDL and acute ischemic stroke. BMC Neurol 2010; 10:120.
- Cifelli A, Vaithianathar L. Syndrome of transient headache and neurological deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL). BMJ Case Reports 2011; 10.1136/bcr.03.2010.2862.
- Sundholm A, Gustafsson R, Karrenbauer V. Syndrome of transient headache and neurologic deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL): HHV-7 finding in cerebrospinal fluid challenges diagnostic criteria. Pathogens 2023; 12:476.
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