Schizophrenia: clinical features

Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .

Schizophrenia: clinical features. The onset is usually in late adolescence or early adulthood. Fully referenced neurology checklist.

Epidemiology

  • The onset is usually in late adolescence or early adulthood
  • There may be a prodromal phase:
  • Males are slightly more affected: the sex ratio is 1.4:1
  • The incidence is about 15/100,000 in males and 10/100,000 in females
  • It is more frequent in cities than in rural areas
  • It is more common in migrants
  • There is a familial tendency

Positive symptoms

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Negative symptoms

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Cerebral features

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Co-morbid disorders

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Differential diagnosis

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Outcomes

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References

  1. Picchioni MM, Murray RM. Schizophrenia. BMJ 2007; 335:91-95. 
  2. Owen MJ, Sawa A, Mortensen PB. Schizophrenia. Lancet 2016; 388:86-97.
  3. Rahman T, Lauriello J. Schizophrenia: an overview. Focus (Am Psychiatr Publ) 2016; 14:300-307.
  4. Patel KR, Cherian J, Gohil K, Atkinson D. Schizophrenia: overview and treatment options. P T 2014; 39:638-645.
  5. Correll CU, Schooler NR. Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a review and clinical guide for recognition, assessment, and treatment. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:519-534.
  6. And 4 more. Subscribe to see the full list

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