Motor neurone disease (MND): neuromuscular features
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Motor neurone disease (MND): neuromuscular features. The onset is relatively abrupt. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Onset
- The onset is relatively abrupt
- Diabetes may delay the onset by 4 years
Prodrome
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Major MND subtypes
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Signs of muscle weakness
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Other neuromuscular features
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Tongue features
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Bulbar and pseudobulbar features
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Split signs
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Other signs
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References
- Mitsumoto H. Diagnosis and progression of ALS. Neurology 1997; 48(Suppl 4):S2- S8.
- de Carvalho M, Swash M. The onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. JNNP 2006; 77:388-389.
- Jawaid A, Salamone AR, Strutt AM, et al. ALS disease onset may occur later in patients with pre-morbid diabetes mellitus. Eur J Neurol 2010; 17:733-739.
- Solheim MH, Riise T, Cortese M, et al. Distinct prescription patterns emerge years before ALS diagnosis: a nationwide registry-based study. Ann Neurol 2026; 99:1516-1525.
- Brooks BR. El Escorial World Federation of Neurology criteria for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Subcommittee on Motor Neuron Diseases/Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis of the World Federation of Neurology Research Group on Neuromuscular Diseases and the El Escorial "Clinical limits of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis" workshop contributors. J Neurol Sci 1994; 124(Suppl):96-107.
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