Seizures: classification
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Seizures: classification. Focal preserved consciousness (FPC), Focal impaired consciousness (FIC). Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Focal
- Focal preserved consciousness (FPC)
- Focal impaired consciousness (FIC)
- Focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTC)
Unknown
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Generalized
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Unclassified
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References
- Chang RS, Leung CYW, Ho CCA, Yung A. Classifications of seizures and epilepsies, where are we? A brief historical review and update. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; pii: S0929-6646(17)30147-X (Epub ahead of print).
- Fisher RS, Cross JH, D'Souza C, et al. Instruction manual for the ILAE 2017 operational classification of seizure types. Epilepsia 2017; 58:531-542.
- Chang RS, Leung CYW, Ho CCA, Yung A. Classifications of seizures and epilepsies, where are we? - A brief historical review and update. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 116:736-741.
- Beniczky S, Trinka E, Wirrell E, et al. A practical guide to the updated seizure classification 2025. Epileptic Disord 2025; 27:1087-1104.
- Beniczky S, Trinka E, Wirrell E, et al. Updated classification of epileptic seizures: Position paper of the International League Against Epilepsy. Epilepsia 2025; 66:1804-1823.
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