Post malaria neurological syndrome (PMNS)
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Post malaria neurological syndrome (PMNS). This is an autoimmune encephalitis. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Pathology
- This is an autoimmune encephalitis
- It is associated with neurexin-3α antibodies
- It is also associated with voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) antibodies
- It usually follows falciparum malaria infection
- There is an increased risk in Mefloquine-treated patients
Systemic features
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Cognitive features
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Psychiatric features
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Other features
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Other post malaria neurological syndromes
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Course
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain: features
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Other investigations
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Treatment
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References
- Costa A, Silva-Pinto A, Alves J, et al. Postmalaria neurologic syndrome associated with neurexin-3α antibodies. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2017; 4:e392.
- Nguyen TH, Day NP, Ly VC, et al. Post-malaria neurological syndrome. Lancet 1996; 348:917-921.
- Sahuguet J, Poulet A, Bou Ali H, Parola P, Kaphan E. Postmalaria neurologic syndrome-autoimmune encephalitis with anti-voltage-gated potassium-channel antibodies. Ann Intern Med 2017; 167:70-71.
- O'Brien MD, Jagathesan T. Lesson of the month 1: Post-malaria neurological syndromes. Clin Med (Lond) 2016; 16:292-293.
- Falchook GS, Malone CM, Upton S, Shandera WX. Postmalaria neurological syndrome after treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 37:e22-e24.
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