Cervical dystonia: causes

Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .

Cervical dystonia: causes. Cervical dystonia is familial in 15% of cases. Fully referenced neurology checklist.

Familial

  • Cervical dystonia is familial in 15% of cases
  • There is a family history of movement disorders in about 45%
  • Possible genes include DYT1, GNAL, THAP1, TOR1A, and PMM2

Structural brain lesions

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Other causes

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References

  1. Dauer WT, Burke RE, Greene P, Fahn S. Current concepts on the clinical features, aetiology and management of idiopathic cervical dystonia. Brain 1998; 121:547-560.
  2. Tarsy D. Comparison of acute- and delayed-onset posttraumatic cervical dystonia. Mov Disord 1998; 13:481-485.
  3. Jankovic J, Leder S, Warner D, Schwartz K. Cervical dystonia: clinical findings and associated movement disorders. Neurology 1991; 41:1088-1091.
  4. Velickovic M, Benabou R, Brin MF. Cervical dystonia pathophysiology and treatment options. Drugs 2001; 61:1921-1943.
  5. LeDoux MS, Vemula SR, Xiao J, et al. Clinical and genetic features of cervical dystonia in a large multicenter cohort. Neurol Genet 2016; 2:e69.
  6. And 3 more. Subscribe to see the full list

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