Anti-GAD syndromes: phenotypes
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Anti-GAD syndromes: phenotypes. Stiff person syndrome (SPS), Autoimmune encephalitis. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Classic anti-GAD syndromes
- Stiff person syndrome (SPS)
- Progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (PERM)
- Autoimmune encephalitis
Temporal lobe epilepsy
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Cerebellar ataxia
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Eye movement disorders
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Other anti-GAD associated neurological disorders
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Other anti-GAD associated medical disorders
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References
- Saiz A, Blanco Y, Sabater L, et al. Spectrum of neurological syndromes associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies: diagnostic clues for this association. Brain 2008; 231:2553-2563.
- Pearce DA, Atkinson M, Tagle DA. Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity in Batten disease and other disorders. Neurology 2004; 63:2001-2005.
- Lockman J, Burns TM. Stiff person syndrome. Pract Neurol 2007; 7:106-108.
- Hadavi S, Noyce AJ, Leslie RD, Giovannoni G. Stiff person syndrome. Pract Neurol 2011; 11:272-282.
- Muñoz-Lopetegi A, de Bruijn MAAM, Boukhrissi S, et al. Neurologic syndromes related to anti-GAD65: Clinical and serologic response to treatment. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2020; pii: e696.
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