Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM): management
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM): management. Raised opening pressure, Neutrophilic pleocytosis. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis
- Raised opening pressure
- Neutrophilic pleocytosis
- Low glucose
- High protein
- Motile N. fowleri
- Giemsa or Wright stains for trophozoites
- Positive enflagellation test
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain: features
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Primary treatment
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Possible adjunctive treatments
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Prophylaxis
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References
- Siddiqui R, Khan NA. Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri: an old enemy presenting new challenges. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e3017.
- Grace E, Asbill S, Virga K. Naegleria fowleri: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment options. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:6677-6681.
- Capewell LG, Harris AM, Yoder JS, et al. Diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in the United States, 1937-2013. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2015; 4:e68-e75.
