Parkinson's disease (PD): premotor stages
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Parkinson's disease (PD): premotor stages. Pre-physiological, Preclinical, Premotor, Pre-diagnostic. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Parkinson's disease at risk syndrome (PARS) stages
- Pre-physiological
- Preclinical
- Premotor
- Pre-diagnostic
Premotor stage 1
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Premotor stage 2
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Premotor stage 3
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References
- Siderowf A, Lang AE. Premotor Parkinson's disease: concepts and definitions. Mov Disord 2012; 27:608-616.
- Postuma RB, Gagnon JF, Montplaisir J. Clinical prediction of Parkinson's disease: planning for the age of neuroprotection. JNNP 2010; 81:1008-1013.
- Noyce AJ, Lees AJ, Schrag AE. The prediagnostic phase of Parkinson's disease. JNNP 2016; 87:871-888.
- Postuma RB, Aarsland D, Barone P, et al. Identifying prodromal Parkinson's disease: pre-motor disorders in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2012; 27:617-626.
