Parkinson’s disease (PD): hand and foot deformities
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Parkinson’s disease (PD): hand and foot deformities. Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint flexion. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Swan neck hand deformity: features
- Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint flexion
- Proximal interphalangeal hyperextension
- Distal interphalangeal joint flexion
- Distal interphalangeal joint subluxation in severe cases
- Ulnar deviation
- Extended thumb
Thumbs up posture
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Other hand deformities
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Hitchhiker’s great toe
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Other foot deformities
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References
- Ashour R, Tintner R, Jankovic J. Striatal deformities of the hand and foot in Parkinson's disease. Lancet Neurol 2005; 4:423-431.
- Gortvai P. Deformities of the hand and feet in Parkinsonism and their reversibility by operation. JNNP 1963; 6:33-36.
- Kyriakides T, Hewer RL. Hand contractures in Parkinson's disease. JNNP 1988; 51:1221-1223.
- Turner MR, Matthews L, Ebers GC. Teaching video neuroimage: the "Fonzarelli" sign: focal thumb dystonia as an early manifestation of Parkinson disease. Neurology 2008; 71:e11.
