Orbital apex syndrome
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Orbital apex syndrome. Optic: this is spared in cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS), Oculomotor, Trochlear, Abducens. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Cranial nerves in the orbital apex
- Optic: this is spared in cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS)
- Oculomotor
- Trochlear
- Abducens
- Trigeminal: the first division
Clinical features
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Inflammatory causes
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Infective causes
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Neoplastic causes
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Vascular causes
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Other causes
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Investigation
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Synonyms
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References
- Badakere A, Patil-Chhablani P. Orbital apex syndrome: a review. Eye Brain 2019; 11:63-72.
- Yeh S, Foroozan R. Orbital apex syndrome. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2004; 15:490-498.
- Arda H, Mirza E, Gumus K, Oner A, Karakucuk S, Sirakaya E. Orbital apex syndrome in herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Case Rep Opthalmol Med 2012; 2012:854503.
- Lama MK, Gurung P, Acharya S, Pandit RK, Sharma K, Pant B. Orbital apex syndrome caused by invasive aspergillosis in patient with post-covid-19 infection - a case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 107:108306.
