Ocular neuromyotonia
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Ocular neuromyotonia. This is recurrent spontaneous spasms of the extraocular muscles. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Clinical features
- This is recurrent spontaneous spasms of the extraocular muscles
- The episodes cause tonic deviation of the eyes
- They may occur bilaterally
- They last seconds to minutes
- They recur every 10-40 minutes throughout the day
- They result in intermittent or paroxysmal gaze-evoked diplopia
- They may be associated with internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO)
- They may also cause spastic eye closure
Causes
Locked: subscribe to see this section.
Triggers
Locked: subscribe to see this section.
Differential diagnosis
Locked: subscribe to see this section.
Investigation
Locked: subscribe to see this section.
Treatment
Locked: subscribe to see this section.
References
- Gold DR. Teaching NeuroImages: Ocular neuromyotonia. An underrecognized cause of transient diplopia. Neurology 2016; 86:e249.
- Kuroda M, Isozaki E, Matsubara S, Yoshida H, Hayashi H. Case of ocular neuromyotonia with transient and gaze-induced diplopia. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2007; 47:344-347.
- Ezra E, Spalton D, Sanders MD, Graham EM, Plant GT. Ocular neuromyotonia. Br J Ophthalmol 1996; 80:350-355.
- Roper-Hall G, Chung SM, Cruz OA. Ocular neuromyotonia: differential diagnosis and treatment. Strabismus 2013; 21:131-136.
- Soares-Dos-Reis R, Martins AI, Brás A, Matos A, Bento C, Lemos J. Ocular neuromyotonia. Pract Neurol 2018; 18:389-390.
- And 10 more. Subscribe to see the full list
