Neuroradiological signs: classic types

Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .

Neuroradiological signs: classic types. Meningioma, Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), Sarcoidosis. Fully referenced neurology checklist.

Dural tail: on contrast MRI

  • Meningioma
  • Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL)
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Schwannomas
  • Metastases
  • Syphilis

Tram track sign: on MRI or contrast CT

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Puff of smoke: on angiography

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Eye of the tiger on MRI: features

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Eye of the tiger on MRI: causes

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Hot cross bun sign

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Pulvinar/hockey stick sign

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Salt and pepper sign

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Tigroid and leopard skin signs

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Ears of the lynx sign

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Hummingbird sign

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Face of the giant panda

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Butterfly sign

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Lentiform fork sign

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Owl’s eye sign: on axial spinal MRI

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Snake eyes sign: on spinal MRI

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Swallow tail appearance

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References

  1. Chavhan GB, Shroff MM. Twenty classic signs in neuroradiology: A pictorial essay. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2009; 19:135-145.
  2. Barra FR, Goncalves G, de Lima Matos, et al. Signs in neuroradiology-part 2. Radiol Bras 2011; 44:129-133.
  3. Hayflick SJ, Hartman M, Coryell J, Gitschier J, Rowley H. Brain MRI in neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation with and without PANK2 mutations. Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27:1230-1233.
  4. Gregory A, Hayflick SJ. Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation. Folia Neuropathol 2005; 43:286-296.
  5. Natera-Villalba E, Martínez-Castrillo JC, López-Sendón Moreno JL, et al. Eye-of-the-tiger sign with an unexpected pathological diagnosis. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2021; 9:98-103. 
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