Neurognasothsomiasis: clinical features

Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .

Neurognasothsomiasis: clinical features. This is caused by Gnasothsoma spinigerum. Fully referenced neurology checklist.

Biology

  • This is caused by Gnasothsoma spinigerum
  • It is a zoonotic helminthic infection
  • The infection is caused by the third-stage migrating larvae
  • Dogs and cats are the definitive hosts
  • It is transmitted through raw or undercooked food: freshwater fish, frogs, and chicken
  • It is endemic in Thailand

Classification

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Neurological features: eosinophilic meningoencephalitis

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Neurological features: radiculomyelitis

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Neurological features: haemorrhages

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Systemic features

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Differential diagnosis

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References

  1. Katchanov J, Sawanyawisuth K, Chotmongkoi V, Nawa Y. Neurognathostomiasis, a neglected parasitosis of the central nervous system. Emerg Infect Dis 2011; 17:1174-1180.
  2. Diaz JH. Gnathostomiasis: an emerging infection of raw fish consumers in gnathostoma nematode-endemic and nonendemic countries. J Travel Med 2015; 22:318-324. 
  3. Boongird P, Phuapradit P, Siridej N, Chirachariyavej T, Chuahirun S, Vejjajiva A. Neurological manifestations of gnathostomiasis. J Neurol Sci 1977; 31:279-291.
  4. Kawamura J, Kohri Y, Oka N. Eosinophilic meningoradiculomyelitis caused by Gnathostoma spinigerum. A case report. Arch Neurol 1983; 40:583-585.
  5. Rattanawong W, Hemachudha P, Anukoolwittaya P, Pongpitakmetha T. Cerebral gnathostomiasis: an unusual course of recurrent hemorrhagic stroke. Ann Neurol 2022; 92:107-109.
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