Migraine: triggers

Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .

Migraine: triggers. Menstruation, Hormones. Fully referenced neurology checklist.

Physiological

  • Menstruation
  • Hormones

Stress

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Dietary

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Environmental

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Physical exertion

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Iatrogenic

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Non-triggers

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References

  1. Kelman L. The triggers or precipitants of the acute migraine attack. Cephalalgia 2007; 27:394-402.
  2. Hauge AW, Kirchmann M, Olesen J. Characterization of consistent triggers of migraine with aura. Cephalalgia 2010; 31:416-438.
  3. Houle TT, Sexton K, Lebowitz A, et al. Stress and fasting for inducing migraine attacks: a randomized 2 × 2 factorial crossover trial. Headache 2026; 66:1801-1811.
  4. Zebenholzer K, Rudel E, Frantal S, et al. Migraine and weather: a prospective diary-based analysis. Cephalalgia 2010; 31:391-400.
  5. Carvalho GF, Luedtke K, Szikszay TM, Bevilaqua-Grossi D, May A. Muscle endurance training of the neck triggers migraine attacks. Cephalalgia 2021; 41:383-391.
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