Levodopa
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Levodopa. Co-Careldopa: Carbidopa/Levodopa, Co-Beneldopa: Benserazide/Levodopa. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Formulations
- Co-Careldopa: Carbidopa/Levodopa
- Co-Beneldopa: Benserazide/Levodopa
- Carbidopa/Levodopa controlled release (CR)
- Carbidopa/Levodopa enteral suspension
- Carbidopa/Levodopa/Entecapone
- Dispersible Levodopa
- Inhaled Levodopa
- Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG)
- Levodopa-entecapone-carbidopa intestinal gel (LECIG)
- Continuous subcutaneous Carbidopa-Levodopa
- Foslevodopa-foscarbidopa
Indication
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Dose
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Precautions
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Monitoring indices
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Contraindications
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Neurological adverse effects
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Psychiatric adverse effects
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Systemic adverse effects
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References
- DeMaagd G, Philip A. Part 2: Introduction to the pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease, with a focus on the use of dopaminergic agents. P T 2015; 40:590-600.
- Pringsheim T, Day GS, Smith DB, et al. Dopaminergic therapy for motor symptoms in early Parkinson disease practice guideline summary: a report of the AAN Guideline Subcommittee. Neurology 2021; 97:942-957.
- Alty J, Robson J, Duggan-Carter P, Jamieson S. What to do when people with Parkinson's disease cannot take their usual oral medications. Pract Neurol 2016; 16:122-128.
- Luinstra M, Rutgers W, van Laar T, et al. Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of inhaled levodopa from a new dry-powder inhaler in patients with Parkinson's disease. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2019; 10:2040622319857617.
- Patel AB, Jimenez-Shahed J. Profile of inhaled levodopa and its potential in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: evidence to date. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:2955-2964.
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