Klinefelter syndrome: management
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Klinefelter syndrome: management. Luteinising hormone (LH): this is raised. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Blood tests
- Luteinising hormone (LH): this is raised
- Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH): this is raised
- Testosterone: this is low or low-normal
- Vitamin D
- Calcium
Karyotyping: indications
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain features
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Other tests
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Annual monitoring assessments and tests
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Treatment
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References
- Zitzmann M, Aksglaede L, Corona G, et al. European academy of andrology guidelines on Klinefelter syndrome. Endorsing Organization: European Society of Endocrinology. Andrology 2021; 9:145-167.
- Groth KA, Skakkebæk A, Høst C, Gravholt CH, Bojesen A. Clinical review: Klinefelter syndrome-a clinical update. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:20-30.
- Blevins CH, Wilson ME. Klinefelter’s syndrome. BMJ 2012; 345:e7558.
- Coutinho E, Pereira JP, Dias D, et al. Tremor and white matter lesions in Klinefelter syndrome. Mov Disord. 2010; 25:1993-1994.
- Harlow TL, Gonzalez-Alegre P. High prevalence of reported tremor in Klinefelter syndrome. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009; 15:393-395.
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