Dystonia: differential diagnosis
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Dystonia: differential diagnosis. Essential tremor: head tremor improves on lying down, Chorea, Myoclonus. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Other movement disorders
- Essential tremor: head tremor improves on lying down
- Chorea
- Myoclonus
- Paroxysmal dyskinesia
- Stereotypies
- Tics
Spasms: causes
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Postural abnormalities: causes
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Structural abnormalities
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Other neurological differential diagnosis
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Features suggesting acquired against hereditary dystonia
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References
- Albanese A, Bhatia K, Bressman SB, et al. Phenomenology and classification of dystonia: a consensus update. Mov Disord 2013; 28:863-873.
- de Carvalho Aguiar PM, Ozelius LJ. Classification and genetics of dystonia. Lancet Neurol 2002; 1:316-325.
- van Egmond ME, Kuiper A, Eggink H, et al. Dystonia in children and adolescents: a systematic review and a new diagnostic algorithm. JNNP 2015; 86:774-781.
- Camargos S, Cardoso F. Understanding dystonia: diagnostic issues and how to overcome them. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2016; 74:921-936.
- Barcelos AC, Patriota GC, Netto AU. Nontraumatic atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation: grisel syndrome. Case report and literature review. Global Spine J 2014; 4:179-186.
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