Dropped head syndrome (DHS): neuromuscular causes
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Dropped head syndrome (DHS): neuromuscular causes. Polymyositis, Inclusion body myositis (IBM). Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Inflammatory myopathies
- Polymyositis
- Inclusion body myositis (IBM)
Metabolic myopathies
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Endocrine myopathies
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Other myopathies
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Muscular dystrophies
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Anterior horn cell (AHC) disorders
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Neuromuscular junction and neuropathic causes
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Systemic disorders
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References
- Umapathi T, Chaudhry V, Cornblath D, Drachman D, Griffin J, Kuncl R. Head drop and camptocormia. JNNP 2002; 73:1–7.
- Leung H, Hui ACG, Kay R. The dropped head. Pract Neurol 2006; 6:42-43.
- Gourie-Devi M, Nalini A, Sandhya S. Early or late appearance of "dropped had syndrome" in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. JNNP 2003; 74:683-686.
- Alhammad RM, Naddaf E. Myopathies presenting with head drop: clinical spectrum and treatment outcomes. Neuromuscul Disord 2020; 30:128-136.
- Peng Y, Zhu M, Zheng J, Zhu Y, Li X, Wei C, Hong D. Bent spine syndrome as an initial manifestation of late-onset multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency: a case report and literature review. BMC Neurol 2015; 15:114.
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