Cultural startle syndromes
Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .
Cultural startle syndromes. There are exaggerated startle responses. The responses are non-habituating. Fully referenced neurology checklist.
Definition
- There are exaggerated startle responses
- The responses are non-habituating
- It may be an operant conditioning behaviour
- There are no associated tics
Types
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Triggers
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Clinical features
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Differential diagnosis
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References
- Bakker MJ, van Dijk JG, Pramono A, Sutarni S, Tijssen MA. Latah: an Indonesian startle syndrome. Mov Disord 2013; 28:370-379.
- Tanner CM, Chamberland J. Latah in Jakarta, Indonesia. Mov Disord 2001; 16:526-529.
- Bakker MJ, van Dijk JG, Pramono A, Sutarni S, Tijssen MA. Latah: an Indonesian startle syndrome. Mov Disord 2013; 28:370-379.
- Saint-Hilaire M. Jumping Frenchmen of Maine. Neurology 1986; 36:1269-1271.
- Lanska DJ. Jumping Frenchmen, Miryachit, and Latah: culture-specific hyperstartle-plus syndromes. Front Neurol Neurosci 2018; 42:122-131.
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