Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDD): pathology

Written and reviewed by Dr Ibrahim Imam, Consultant Neurologist. Last reviewed .

Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDD): pathology. There is congenital loss of innervation to the extra-ocular muscles (EOMs).

Pathology

  • There is congenital loss of innervation to the extra-ocular muscles (EOMs) 
  • It is sporadic or familial

Affected structures

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References

  1. Gutowski NJ, Chilton JK. The congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders. Arch Dis Child 2015; 100:678-681.
  2. Assaf AA. Congenital innervation dysgenesis syndrome (CID)/congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs). Eye (Lond) 2011; 25:1251-1261.

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