Anti-MOG antibody disease (MOGAD): phenotypes

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

• This is associated with large bilateral lesions
• It is more likely to manifest with longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM)
• It has a better outcome than ADEM without anti-MOG antibodies

References

1. Baumann M, Sahin K, Lechner C, et al. Clinical and neuroradiological differences of paediatric acute disseminating encephalomyelitis with and without antibodies to the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. JNNP 2015; 86:265-272.
2. Wurzelmann MK, Chahoud R. Can't pee, can't climb a tree: Seropositive myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Am J Emerg Med 2023; 69:200-202. 
3. Ramanathan S, Reddel SW, Henderson A, et al. Antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in bilateral and recurrent optic neuritis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2014; 1:e40. 
4. Zhou L, Huang Y, Li H, et al. MOG-antibody associated demyelinating disease of the CNS: A clinical and pathological study in Chinese Han patients. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 305:19-28.
5. Kim SM, Woodhall MR, Kim JS, et al. Antibodies to MOG in adults with inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2015; 2:e163. 
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Related checklists

• Anti MOG antibody encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM): diagnostic criteria
• Anti-MOG antibody disease (MOGAD): brainstem features
• Anti-MOG antibody disease (MOGAD): non-brainstem features
• Anti-MOG antibody disease (MOGAD): course and outcome
• Anti-MOG antibody disease (MOGAD): differentiation from AQP4 disorders